Cosmology in Minkowski space

Theoretical and observational challenges to standard cosmology such as the cosmological constant problem tensions between model parameters inferred from different observations motivate development search of new physics. A less radical approach venturing beyond is simple mathematical reformulation our theoretical frameworks underlying it. While leaving physical measurements unaffected, this can offer a reinterpretation even solutions these problems. In spirit, metric transformations are performed here that cast Universe into geometries. Of particular interest thereby formulation in Minkowski space. Rather than an expansion space, spatial curvature, small-scale inhomogeneities anisotropies, frame exhibits variation mass, length time scales across spacetime. Alternatively, may be interpreted evolution fundamental constants. As applications reframed picture, naturalness reinspected promising candidates geometric origin explored for dark matter, energy, inflation baryogenesis. An immediate observation apparent absence frame. The formalism also applied identify observable signatures conformal inhomogeneities, which have been proposed simultaneous solution Hubble constant, amplitude matter fluctuations, gravitational lensing cosmic microwave background anisotropies. These found enhance redshifts distant galaxy clusters introduce mass bias with cluster masses exceeding those kinematically or dynamically.